GNOME Commander Manual
GNOME Commander Desktop Application Manual V1.16.1
GNOME Commander is a lightweight and fast file manager for the GNOME desktop.

Introduction
The GNOME Commander application is a fast and powerful graphical file manager for the GNOME desktop environment, it has a "two-pane" interface based on the orthodox file manager (OFM) principle, in the tradition of Norton and Midnight Commander. GNOME Commander provides the following features:
GTK-2 GUI with standard mouse interactions
Support for tabs
One instance mode
Remote connections using GnomeVFS: FTP, SFTP (SSH+FTP), WebDAV and SMB/CIFS (Samba)
Right click mouse menu
User defined context menu
Quick device access buttons with automatic mounting and unmounting
History of accessed locations
Folder bookmarks
User defined keyboard shortcuts
Plugin support
Fast internal file viewer for text and images
Meta data support for Exif, IPTC, ID3, Vorbis, FLAC, APE, OLE2, ODF and PDF tags
Tools for advanced batch renaming of files, searching, quick file name searching in current directory, symlinking, comparing directories
Integrated command line
Color profiles
Support for over 40 languages
If you are using code from git repository, it is possible that the latest new features are not yet in this manual. Please read the detailed ChangeLog online or in the GNOME Commander sources to find out more about the new features.

Getting Started

To Start GNOME Commander
You can start GNOME Commander in the following ways:
Applications menu 	 Choose Accessories GNOME Commander .
Command line 	 To start GNOME Commander from a command line, type the following command, then press Return:
gnome-commander

When You Start GNOME Commander
When you start GNOME Commander, the following window is displayed.

GNOME Commander Window
Shows GNOME Commander main window. Contains titlebar, menubar, toolbar, display area, and scrollbars. Menubar contains File, View, Settings, and Help menus.
The GNOME Commander window contains the following elements:
Menubar. 	 The menus on the menubar contain all of the commands you need to work with files in GNOME Commander.
Toolbar. 	 The toolbar contains a subset of the commands that you can access from the menubar.
Statusbar. 	 The statusbar displays information about current GNOME Commander activity and contextual information about the menu items.

Command Line Options
Options 	
--help
Show summary of options.
--version
Show version of GNOME Commander.
-l, --start-left-dir=STRING
Specify the start directory for the left pane.
-r, --start-right-dir=STRING
Specify the start directory for the right pane.
--config-dir=STRING
Specify the directory for configuration files.
-d, --debug=STRING
Specify debug flags to use. Debug output will be written to stdout.
Possible flags:
a set all debug flags
c file and directory counting
d directory ref-counting
f file ref-counting
g run_command debugging
i image loader
k directory pool
l directory listings
m connection debugging
n directory monitoring
p python plugins
s SMB network browser
t metadata tags
u user actions debugging
v internal viewer
w widget_lookup
x xfer
y brief MIME based imageload
z detailed MIME based imageload
[gtk,gnome,bonobo options]
Standard gtk, gnome, bonobo options are supported. Use --help to see possible options.
Examples 	 gnome-commander -d nvl
Starts GNOME Commander with debugging of directory listings, internal viewer and directory monitoring facilities.

Basic Usage

Selecting Files and Folders
You can select files and folders in several ways in GNOME Commander. Typically this is achieved by clicking on the files using the mouse, as explained in Selecting Items in the File Manager.

Selecting Items in the File Manager
Task	Action	Default key bindings
Select an item	Click on the item.	SPACE INSERT
Select a group of contiguous items	In icon view, drag around the files that you want to select. In list view, click on the first item in the group. Press-and-hold SHIFT, then click on the last item in the group.
Select multiple items	Press-and-hold CTRL. Click on the items that you want to select. Alternatively, press-and-hold CTRL, then drag around the files that you want to select.
Select all items in a folder	Choose Mark Select All.	CTRL A CTRL +
Unselect all items in a folder	Choose Mark Unselect All.	CTRL SHIFT A CTRL -
Select all files with the same extension		ALT NUM +
Unselect all files with the same extension		ALT NUM -
Select files using a pattern	Choose Mark Select with Pattern. GNOME Commander selects files matching a pattern based upon their file name using either wildcards or regular expressions.	NUM +
Unselect files using a pattern	Choose Mark Unselect with Pattern. GNOME Commander unselects files matching a pattern based upon their file name using either wildcards or regular expressions.	NUM -
Invert selection	Choose Mark Invert Selection.	NUM *
To perform the default action on an item, double-click on the item.

Drag-and-Drop
You can drag and drop selected items from one pane to the other to copy, move, or create a symbolic link to an item. You can also drag and drop the selected items into another application.
To drag and drop a selection or a selected item with your mouse, with the pointer over the selection or the item, press the left button and keep it depressed, move the mouse pointer to the target location and release the left button.
By pressing the SHIFT key while you release the mouse button you can move the selection instead of copying it.
By pressing the CTRL SHIFT keys while you release the mouse button you can create symbolic link to the selection instead of copying it.
When not pressing a key while dropping the selection, the default is to query for the action to be executed, i.e. copy, move or create a symbolic link. In the GNOME Commander options you can change that behavior to copy or to move the selection. See also under Confirmation.

Copying a File or Folder
You can use the mouse, the keyboard and the menus to copy a selection of items in another location.
First select the item(s) you wish to copy, You can then use any of the the following options.
To copy using the menus Edit Copy, then select the location where you want to copy the selection and select Edit Paste.
Using the mouse You can also right click on the selected items in the drop down menu select Copy then in the chosen location Right click in an empty area and select Paste in the drop down menu.
Press the following keys CTRL C, then select the location for the files and press CTRL V
To copy the selection from one pane to the other using the mouse simply drag and drop the selected items to the other pane.
To copy the selection from one pane to the other you can simply press F5.
The first three options will allow you to copy into another application than GNOME Commander.

Moving a File or Folder
You can use the mouse, the keyboard , and the menus to move a selection of items in another location
First select the item(s) you wish to move, You can then use any of the the following options.
To move using the menus Edit Cut, then select the location where you want to copy the selection and select Edit Paste.
Using the mouse you can also right click on the selected items in the drop down menu select Cut then in the chosen location right click in an empty area and select Paste in the drop down menu.
Press the following keys CTRL X, then select the location for the files and press CTRL V
To move the selection from one pane to the other using the mouse drag and drop the selected items to the other pane and press the SHIFT while releasing the left mouse button.
To move the selection from one pane to the other can simply press F6.
With the first three options it is possible to move marked items into another application.

Renaming a File or Folder
This section describes a simple way to rename files or folders. There is also the Advanced file renaming for more complex operations and batch processing. You can use various the following methods to rename files and folder.
Firstly select the item you wish to rename.
Right click on the item and select Rename, type in the new name, and press Enter when finished.
Press F2 and then type in the new name and press Enter when finished.
You can also use the menus: select File Properties and rename the file using the properties dialog.

Deleting a File or Folder
There are different ways to delete an item using GNOME Commander.
Select the item(s) You wish to delete.
Press the Delete or the F8 keys.
With the mouse right click on the item(s) then in the drop down menu select Delete.
In the menu select Delete.

Creating a Folder
You can create a new folder in GNOME Commander using the following methods.
Navigate to the location where you want to create the new folder.
Press the F7, in the dialog box that is then opened name the new folder.
Using the mouse right click in an empty area of the pane, in the drop down menu select New Folder, then type the folder name in the dialog box that is opened.

Creating a Symbolic Link to a File or Folder
A symbolic link is a special type of file that points to another file or folder. When you perform an action on a symbolic link, the action is performed on the file or folder to which the symbolic link points. However, when you delete a symbolic link, you delete the link file, not the file to which the symbolic link points.
There are three different ways to create a symbolic link to a file or folder:
Select the file or folder to which you want to create a link. Choose File Create Symbolic Link.
Grab the item to which you want to create a link, then press-and-hold CTRL SHIFT. Drag the item to the location where you want to place the link.
Select the file or folder to which you want to create a link. Press CTRL SHIFT F5.
The permissions of a symbolic link are determined by the file or folder to which a symbolic link points.
For more on dragging items, see Drag-and-Drop.

Using multiple tabs
You can open multiple tabs in both panels to speed up navigation. GNOME Commander can store the open tabs location upon closing. When you restart the application the tabs are reopened as they were before. This option can be set in General.
Using the mouse the middle click can be configured to open a new tab. This option can be set in General. When it is set a middle click on a folder will open it in a new tab in the same pane.
When using a 2 button mouse the middle click is emulated by clicking both buttons simultaneously
To open a new tab press CTRL T this opens a new tab in the current panel with the same folder opened.
To open a new tab displaying the selected folder in the current pane press the CTRL UP. If you have configured the mouse middle click option to open a new tab (General), then using the middle mouse button on a folder will also open a new tab displaying it in the current pane.
To open a new tab displaying the selected folder in the inactive pane press the CTRL SHIFT UP.
To navigate between tab you can you the mouse or use CTRL TAB as many time as needed to select the tab element. If the tabs are selected you can also use the RIGHT or LEFT to select the desired tab.
To close a tab you can use the mouse and double click the tab or right click on it and from the menu select Close tab. You can also close the current tab using the keyboard shortcut CTRL W
Right clicking on any tab will open a tab specific menu
Open in new tab this action opens a new tab with the displaying the currently opened folder.
Refresh tab this actions refreshes the files displayed currently in the folder.
Copy tab to other pane opens a new tab in the opposite pane, this tab will display the selected tab.
Close tab this action closes the currently selected tab.
Close all tabs GNOME Commander will close all open tabs in the current pane. This leaves the current tab as the only open folder.
Close duplicate tabs GNOME Commander will search for duplicated open tabs in the current pane and close them.

Advanced Features
This section describes more features and tools included in GNOME Commander

Viewing the Properties of a File or Folder
To view the properties of a file or folder, perform the following steps:
Select the file or folder whose properties you want to view. Now you can
Press ALT ENTER.
Choose File Properties....
Right-click on the file or folder and choose Properties....

File Properties dialog
Shows file properties dialog.
On the Permissions tab (see File Permissions dialog), you can change the permissions and ownership of a file (that is, if you have the right permissions yourself).You can change the read, write, and execute settings for a file. For more information on permissions, see Changing Permissions.
The following table lists the properties that you can view or set for files and folders, the exact information shown depends on the object type:
Property	Description
Name	The name of the file or folder.
Location	The location of the file or folder.
Volume	The name of the volume in which the file or folder is located.
Free space	The amount of free space on the volume.
Type	The type of object, file or folder.
MIME Type	The official naming of the type of file.
Opens with	Default application to open the file with. See section for information about how to change the default behavior.
Modified	The date and time at which the object was last changed.
Accessed	The date and time at which the object was last viewed.
Size	The amount of data occupied by object, file or folder.
Metadata	If available, additional metadata information is shown for file types like images, documents or audio files. The shown tags are: File.Description, File.Publisher, Doc.Title, Doc.Pagecount, Audio.Albumartist, Audio.Title, Audio.Bitrate and Audio.Durationmmss. For more information, see metadata tags.

Changing Permissions
To change the permissions of a file or a folder, perform the following steps:
Select the file that needs its permission modified.
Open the properties window with your favorite method (e.g. ALT ENTER).
Click on the Permissions tab.
To change the file's group, choose from the groups the user belongs to in the drop-down selector.
For each of the owner, the group, and all other users, choose from these permissions for the file:
Property	Description
Read	The users can read a file.
Write	The users can save a file.
Execute	The users can run a file as a program.

File Permissions dialog
Shows file permissions dialog.

Using Bookmarks
You can use bookmarks to speed up navigation within your local files or to access remote servers.
Managing your bookmarks is done with the bookmark manager, started by selecting Bookmarks Manage bookmarks... or pressing CTRL D. See an example screenshot below.
To add a folder to the bookmarks, navigate to the folder's location. In the menu select Bookmarks Bookmark this directory. Once you have added a bookmark, it will be added in its respective group in the Bookmarks menu. A bookmark is automatically assigned to a group, depending on where the bookmark is pointing to.
You can then Jump to a bookmark, Edit, Remove, or modify the position of a bookmark in the selected group.
In the bookmark list there are four different columns displayed:
The name of the bookmark group,
The name of the bookmark,
The shortcut of the bookmark,
The path to which the bookmark points to.
The name and the path of a bookmark are editable by pressing the Edit button. In contrast, the shortcut of a bookmark in the third column is taken from the associated user action Go to bookmarked location, adjustable by clicking on the menu entry Settings Keyboard Shortcuts... . In the bookmarks window it is only shown as a reference but it is not editable.

Bookmark Management Dialog
Shows bookmark management dialog.

Hidden Files and Folders
By default, GNOME Commander does not display certain system and backup files in folders. This prevents accidental modification or deletion of them, which can impair the operation of your computer, and also reduces clutter in locations such as your Home Folder. GNOME Commander does not display:
Hidden files, whose file name begins with a period (.),
Backup files, whose file name ends with a tilde (~) or with extension '.bak'
Files that are listed in a particular folder's .hidden file.
You may hide or show hidden files in all folders by:
Selecting View Show Hidden Files,
Pressing CTRL SHIFT H.

Advanced file renaming
A powerful tool for batch renaming of the files selected in GNOME Commander. It allows to easily rename lots of files in one go. The file names can be created by parts of the original file name, its path, numbering the files or accessing hundreds of informations about the file, like creation date or Exif/IPTC informations of an image.
When started, the following dialog is displayed:

Advanced Rename Tool Dialog
Shows advanced file renaming dialog.
Template 	 Specifies template for file renaming. All ordinary characters placed in the format string go into the new name without conversion. Conversion specifiers are introduced by a few placeholders (see below for the detailed list). Additionally g_date_time_format() format controls are also accepted - except for "%D", "%n" and "%t" for obvious reasons. If found, they are left intact.
Counter 	 Specifies settings for counters: start value, step and width ('auto' = automatic width, '1',..., '16': fixed width).
Regex replacing 	 List of the regular expression patterns. The patterns are matched against Template. If matched, patterns are replaced with their corresponding replacements. The order of execution is top-bottom. Invalid or broken regex patterns will be marked red.
Case 	 Changes the case of the selected file names.
Trim blanks 	 Removes leading and trailing whitespace from the selected file names.
Results 	 List of the new file names. The list can be reordered using drag-and-drop. The context menu provides options for: removing file from the list, viewing file or its properties, and refreshing the list. Conflicting renames will be marked red.
Apply 	 Starts to rename files. Conflicting renames will be marked red.
Close 	 Closes the dialog without file renaming.
Reset 	 Resets current settings to defaults.
Profiles... 	 Shows options for profile management. A profile is a collection of advanced file renaming parameters (template, counter, regex patterns, case conversions and blank trimming) identified by its name. You can define as many different profiles as you require.

Template Placeholders
Placeholder	Replacement
$N	The whole file name (with extension)
$N(range)	Part of the whole file name (with extension)
$n	File name without extension
$n(range)	Part of the file name without extension
$e	File extension
$e(range)	Part of the file extension
$p	Parent dir name
$p(range)	Part of the parent dir name
$g	Grandparent dir name
$g(range)	Part of the grandparent dir name
$c	File counter
$c(width)	File counter with specified digit number (width)
$c(a)	File counter with digit number (width) calculated automatically
$x	Hexadecimal random number (8 lowercase digits)
$x(width)	Hexadecimal random number with specified lowercase digit number (width)
$X	Hexadecimal random number (8 uppercase digits)
$X(width)	Hexadecimal random number with specified uppercase digit number (width)
$T(metatag)	Metadata tag
$$	A literal "$" character
Broken - like $n(), $e(0,-3) or $N(abc) - or unknown placeholders are copied verbatim without any substitution.

Metadata Tags (Metatags)
Metadata is usually defined as data about data. Metadata describes data about files that is often user visible in file managers, office applications, document viewers and audio players. Metadata can typically be viewed or written by selecting "properties" from the file menu of one of these applications.
For all metadata, each metadata tag (metatag) needs to be namespaced with its class type using a "." qualifier (e.g. Audio.Artist represents the metadata Artist for an audio class file).
The placeholder for metadata is $T(metatag). Use, for example, $T(Exif.DateTime) to get image capture date/time and to insert it to new filename (metatags names are case insensitive, so we could use also $T(exif.datetime) here). The generic 'Audio.', 'Doc.', 'File.' and 'Image.' metatags are independent of the used framework and they provide unified access to respectively audio, doc, file or image metadata. Please refer to freedesktop.org for more details on the generic metatags.
Tag	Name	Description
Audio.Album	Album	Name of the album.
Audio.AlbumArtist	Album Artist	Artist of the album.
Audio.AlbumGain	Album Gain	Gain adjustment of the album.
Audio.AlbumPeakGain	Album Peak Gain	Peak gain adjustment of album.
Audio.AlbumTrackCount	Album Track Count	Total number of tracks on the album.
Audio.Artist	Artist	Artist of the track.
Audio.Bitrate	Bitrate	Bitrate in kbps.
Audio.Channels	Channels	Number of channels in the audio (2 = stereo).
Audio.Codec	Codec	Codec encoding description.
Audio.CodecVersion	Codec Version	Codec version.
Audio.Comment	Comment	Comments on the track.
Audio.Copyright	Copyright	Copyright message.
Audio.CoverAlbumThumbnailPath	Cover Album Thumbnail Path	File path to thumbnail image of the cover album.
Audio.DiscNo	Disc Number	Specifies which disc the track is on.
Audio.Duration	Duration	Duration of track in seconds.
Audio.Duration.MMSS	Duration [MM:SS]	Duration of track as MM:SS.
Audio.Genre	Genre	Type of music classification for the track as defined in ID3 spec.
Audio.IsNew	Is New	Set to "1" if track is new to the user (default "0").
Audio.ISRC	ISRC	ISRC (international standard recording code).
Audio.LastPlay	Last Play	When track was last played.
Audio.Lyrics	Lyrics	Lyrics of the track.
Audio.MBAlbumArtistID	MB album artist ID	MusicBrainz album artist ID in UUID format.
Audio.MBAlbumID	MB Album ID	MusicBrainz album ID in UUID format.
Audio.MBArtistID	MB Artist ID	MusicBrainz artist ID in UUID format.
Audio.MBTrackID	MB Track ID	MusicBrainz track ID in UUID format.
Audio.MPEG.ChannelMode	Channel Mode	MPEG channel mode.
Audio.MPEG.Copyrighted	Copyrighted	"1" if the copyrighted bit is set.
Audio.MPEG.Layer	Layer	MPEG layer.
Audio.MPEG.Original	Original Audio	"1" if the "original" bit is set.
Audio.MPEG.Version	MPEG Version	MPEG version.
Audio.Performer	Performer	Name of the performer/conductor of the music.
Audio.PlayCount	Play Count	Number of times the track has been played.
Audio.ReleaseDate	Release Date	Date track was released.
Audio.SampleRate	Sample Rate	Sample rate in Hz.
Audio.Title	Title	Title of the track.
Audio.TrackGain	Track Gain	Gain adjustment of the track.
Audio.TrackNo	Track Number	Position of track on the album.
Audio.TrackPeakGain	Track Peak Gain	Peak gain adjustment of track.
Audio.Year	Year	Year.
Doc.Author	Author	Name of the author.
Doc.ByteCount	Byte Count	Number of bytes in the document.
Doc.CaseSensitive	Case Sensitive	Case sensitive.
Doc.Category	Category	Category.
Doc.CellCount	Cell Count	Number of cells in the spreadsheet document.
Doc.CharacterCount	Character Count	Number of characters in the document.
Doc.Codepage	Codepage	The MS codepage to encode strings for metadata.
Doc.Comments	Comments	User definable free text.
Doc.Company	Company	Organization that the Doc.Creator entity is associated with.
Doc.Author	Author	Name of the author.
Doc.Creator	Creator	An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource, typically a person, organization, or service.
Doc.Created	Created	Datetime document was originally created.
Doc.DateCreated	Date Created	Date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource (creation/publication date).
Doc.DateModified	Date Modified	The last time the document was saved.
Doc.Description	Description	An account of the content of the resource.
Doc.Dictionary	Dictionary	Dictionary.
Doc.EditingDuration	Editing Duration	The total time taken until the last modification.
Doc.Generator	Generator	The application that generated this document.
Doc.HiddenSlideCount	Hidden Slide Count	Number of hidden slides in the presentation document.
Doc.ImageCount	Image Count	Number of images in the document.
Doc.InitialCreator	Initial Creator	Specifies the name of the person who created the document initially.
Doc.Keywords	Keywords	Searchable, indexable keywords.
Doc.Language	Language	The locale language of the intellectual content of the resource.
Doc.LastPrinted	Last Printed	The last time this document was printed.
Doc.LastSavedBy	Last Saved By	The entity that made the last change to the document, typically a person, organization, or service.
Doc.LineCount	Line Count	Number of lines in the document.
Doc.LinksDirty	Links Dirty	Links dirty.
Doc.LocaleSystemDefault	Locale System Default	Identifier representing the default system locale.
Doc.Manager	Manager	Name of the manager of Doc.Creator entity.
Doc.MMClipCount	Multimedia Clip Count	Number of multimedia clips in the document.
Doc.NoteCount	Note Count	Number of "notes" in the document.
Doc.ObjectCount	Object Count	Number of objects (OLE and other graphics) in the document.
Doc.PageCount	Page Count	Number of pages in the document.
Doc.ParagraphCount	Paragraph Count	Number of paragraphs in the document.
Doc.PresentationFormat	Presentation Format	Type of presentation, like "On-screen Show", "SlideView", etc.
Doc.PrintDate	Print Date	Specifies the date and time when the document was last printed.
Doc.PrintedBy	Printed By	Specifies the name of the last person who printed the document.
Doc.RevisionCount	Revision Count	Number of revision on the document.
Doc.Scale	Scale	Scale.
Doc.Security	Security	One of: "Password protected", "Read-only recommended", "Read-only enforced" or "Locked for annotations".
Doc.SlideCount	Slide Count	Number of slides in the presentation document.
Doc.SpreadsheetCount	Spreadsheet Count	Number of pages in the document.
Doc.Subject	Subject	Document subject.
Doc.TableCount	Table Count	Number of tables in the document.
Doc.Template	Template	The template file that is been used to generate this document.
Doc.Title	Title	Title of the document.
Doc.WordCount	Word Count	Number of words in the document.
Exif.ApertureValue	Aperture	The lens aperture. The unit is the APEX value.
Exif.Artist	Artist	Name of the camera owner, photographer or image creator. The detailed format is not specified, but it is recommended that the information be written for ease of Interoperability. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.BatteryLevel	Battery Level	Battery level.
Exif.BitsPerSample	Bits per Sample	The number of bits per image component. Each component of the image is 8 bits, so the value for this tag is 8. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.BrightnessValue	Brightness	The value of brightness. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of -99.99 to 99.99.
Exif.CFAPattern	CFA Pattern	The color filter array (CFA) geometric pattern of the image sensor when a one-chip color area sensor is used. It does not apply to all sensing methods.
Exif.CFARepeatPatternDim	CFA Repeat Pattern Dim	CFA Repeat Pattern Dim.
Exif.ColorSpace	Color Space	The color space information tag is always recorded as the color space specifier. Normally sRGB is used to define the color space based on the PC monitor conditions and environment. If a color space other than sRGB is used, Uncalibrated is set. Image data recorded as Uncalibrated can be treated as sRGB when it is converted to FlashPix.
Exif.ComponentsConfiguration	Components Configuration	Information specific to compressed data. The channels of each component are arranged in order from the 1st component to the 4th. For uncompressed data the data arrangement is given in the Exif.PhotometricInterpretation tag. However, since Exif.PhotometricInterpretation can only express the order of Y, Cb and Cr, this tag is provided for cases when compressed data uses components other than Y, Cb, and Cr and to enable support of other sequences.
Exif.CompressedBitsPerPixel	Compressed Bits per Pixel	Information specific to compressed data. The compression mode used for a compressed image is indicated in unit bits per pixel.
Exif.Compression	Compression	The compression scheme used for the image data. When a primary image is JPEG compressed, this designation is not necessary and is omitted. When thumbnails use JPEG compression, this tag value is set to 6.
Exif.Contrast	Contrast	The direction of contrast processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.
Exif.Copyright	Copyright	Copyright information. The tag is used to indicate both the photographer and editor copyrights. It is the copyright notice of the person or organization claiming rights to the image. The Interoperability copyright statement including date and rights should be written in this field; e.g., "Copyright, John Smith, 19xx. All rights reserved.". The field records both the photographer and editor copyrights, with each recorded in a separate part of the statement. When there is a clear distinction between the photographer and editor copyrights, these are to be written in the order of photographer followed by editor copyright, separated by NULL (in this case, since the statement also ends with a NULL, there are two NULL codes) (see example 1). When only the photographer is given, it is terminated by one NULL code. When only the editor copyright is given, the photographer copyright part consists of one space followed by a terminating NULL code, then the editor copyright is given. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.CustomRendered	Custom Rendered	The use of special processing on image data, such as rendering geared to output. When special processing is performed, the reader is expected to disable or minimize any further processing.
Exif.DateTime	Date and Time	The date and time of image creation.
Exif.DateTimeDigitized	Date and Time (digitized)	The date and time when the image was stored as digital data.
Exif.DateTimeOriginal	Date and Time (original)	The date and time when the original image data was generated. For a digital still camera the date and time the picture was taken are recorded.
Exif.DeviceSettingDescription	Device Setting Description	Information on the picture-taking conditions of a particular camera model. The tag is used only to indicate the picture-taking conditions in the reader.
Exif.DigitalZoomRatio	Digital Zoom Ratio	The digital zoom ratio when the image was shot. If the numerator of the recorded value is 0, this indicates that digital zoom was not used.
Exif.DocumentName	Document Name	Document name.
Exif.ExifIfdPointer	Exif IFD Pointer	A pointer to the Exif IFD. Interoperability, Exif IFD has the same structure as that of the IFD specified in TIFF.
Exif.ExifVersion	Exif Version	The version of Exif standard supported. Nonexistence of this field is taken to mean nonconformance to the standard.
Exif.ExposureBiasValue	Exposure Bias	The exposure bias. The units is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of -99.99 to 99.99.
Exif.ExposureIndex	Exposure Index	The exposure index selected on the camera or input device at the time the image is captured.
Exif.ExposureMode	Exposure Mode	The exposure mode set when the image was shot. In auto-bracketing mode, the camera shoots a series of frames of the same scene at different exposure settings.
Exif.ExposureProgram	Exposure Program	The class of the program used by the camera to set exposure when the picture is taken.
Exif.ExposureTime	Exposure Time	Exposure time, given in seconds.
Exif.FileSource	File Source	Indicates the image source. If a DSC recorded the image, this tag value of this tag always be set to 3, indicating that the image was recorded on a DSC.
Exif.FillOrder	Fill Order	Fill order.
Exif.Flash	Flash	This tag is recorded when an image is taken using a strobe light (flash).
Exif.FlashEnergy	Flash Energy	The strobe energy at the time the image is captured, as measured in Beam Candle Power Seconds (BCPS).
Exif.FlashPixVersion	FlashPix Version	The FlashPix format version supported by a FPXR file.
Exif.FNumber	F Number	Diameter of the aperture relative to the effective focal length of the lens.
Exif.FocalLength	Focal Length	The actual focal length of the lens, in mm. Conversion is not made to the focal length of a 35 mm film camera.
Exif.FocalLengthIn35mmFilm	Focal Length In 35mm Film	The equivalent focal length assuming a 35mm film camera, in mm. A value of 0 means the focal length is unknown. Note that this tag differs from the Exif.FocalLength tag.
Exif.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit	Focal Plane Resolution Unit	The unit for measuring Exif.FocalPlaneXResolution and Exif.FocalPlaneYResolution. This value is the same as the Exif.ResolutionUnit.
Exif.FocalPlaneXResolution	Focal Plane x-Resolution	The number of pixels in the image width (X) direction per Exif.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit on the camera focal plane.
Exif.FocalPlaneYResolution	Focal Plane y-Resolution	The number of pixels in the image height (Y) direction per Exif.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit on the camera focal plane.
Exif.GainControl	Gain Control	This tag indicates the degree of overall image gain adjustment.
Exif.Gamma	Gamma	Indicates the value of coefficient gamma.
Exif.GPS.Altitude	Altitude	Indicates the altitude based on the reference in Exif.GPS.AltitudeRef. The reference unit is meters.
Exif.GPS.AltitudeRef	Altitude Reference	Indicates the altitude used as the reference altitude. If the reference is sea level and the altitude is above sea level, 0 is given. If the altitude is below sea level, a value of 1 is given and the altitude is indicated as an absolute value in the Exif.GPS.Altitude tag. The reference unit is meters.
Exif.GPS.InfoIFDPointer	GPS Info IFDPointer	A pointer to the GPS Info IFD. The Interoperability structure of the GPS Info IFD, like that of Exif IFD, has no image data.
Exif.GPS.Latitude	Latitude	Indicates the latitude. The latitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. When degrees, minutes and seconds are expressed, the format is dd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format is dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.
Exif.GPS.LatitudeRef	North or South Latitude	Indicates whether the latitude is north or south latitude. The ASCII value 'N' indicates north latitude, and 'S' is south latitude.
Exif.GPS.Longitude	Longitude	Indicates the longitude. The longitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. When degrees, minutes and seconds are expressed, the format is ddd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format is ddd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.
Exif.GPS.LongitudeRef	East or West Longitude	Indicates whether the longitude is east or west longitude. ASCII 'E' indicates east longitude, and 'W' is west longitude.
Exif.GPS.VersionID	GPS Tag Version	Indicates the version of Exif.GPS.InfoIFD. This tag is mandatory when Exif.GPS.Info tag is present.
Exif.ImageDescription	Image Description	A character string giving the title of the image. Two-bytes character codes cannot be used. When a 2-bytes code is necessary, the Exif private tag Exif.UserComment is to be used.
Exif.ImageLength	Image Length	The number of rows of image data. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.ImageResources	Image Resources Block	Image Resources Block.
Exif.ImageUniqueID	Image Unique ID	This tag indicates an identifier assigned uniquely to each image. It is recorded as an ASCII string equivalent to hexadecimal notation and 128-bit fixed length.
Exif.ImageWidth	Image Width	The number of columns of image data, equal to the number of pixels per row. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.InterColorProfile	Inter Color Profile	Inter Color Profile.
Exif.InteroperabilityIFDPointer	Interoperability IFD Pointer	Interoperability IFD is composed of tags which stores the information to ensure the Interoperability and pointed by the following tag located in Exif IFD. The Interoperability structure of Interoperability IFD is the same as TIFF defined IFD structure but does not contain the image data characteristically compared with normal TIFF IFD.
Exif.InteroperabilityIndex	Interoperability Index	Indicates the identification of the Interoperability rule. Use "R98" for stating ExifR98 Rules.
Exif.InteroperabilityVersion	Interoperability Version	Interoperability version.
Exif.ISOSpeedRatings	ISO Speed Ratings	The ISO Speed and ISO Latitude of the camera or input device as specified in ISO 12232.
Exif.JPEGInterchangeFormat	JPEG Interchange Format	The offset to the start byte (SOI) of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image JPEG data.
Exif.JPEGInterchangeFormatLength	JPEG Interchange Format Length	The number of bytes of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image JPEG data. JPEG thumbnails are not divided but are recorded as a continuous JPEG bitstream from SOI to EOI. Appn and COM markers should not be recorded. Compressed thumbnails must be recorded in no more than 64 Kbytes, including all other data to be recorded in APP1.
Exif.JPEGProc	JPEG Procedure	JPEG procedure.
Exif.LightSource	Light Source	The kind of light source.
Exif.Make	Manufacturer	The manufacturer of the recording equipment. This is the manufacturer of the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.MakerNote	Maker Note	A tag for manufacturers of Exif writers to record any desired information. The contents are up to the manufacturer.
Exif.MaxApertureValue	Max Aperture Value	The smallest F number of the lens. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of 00.00 to 99.99, but it is not limited to this range.
Exif.MeteringMode	Metering Mode	The metering mode.
Exif.Model	Model	The model name or model number of the equipment. This is the model name or number of the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.CFAPattern	CFA Pattern	The color filter array (CFA) geometric pattern of the image sensor when a one-chip color area sensor is used. It does not apply to all sensing methods.
Exif.NewSubfileType	New Subfile Type	A general indication of the kind of data contained in this subfile.
Exif.OECF	OECF	The Opto-Electronic Conversion Function (OECF) specified in ISO 14524. Exif.OECF is the relationship between the camera optical input and the image values.
Exif.Orientation	Orientation	The image orientation viewed in terms of rows and columns.
Exif.PhotometricInterpretation	Photometric Interpretation	The pixel composition. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.PixelXDimension	Pixel X Dimension	Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid width of the meaningful image must be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding data or a restart marker. This tag should not exist in an uncompressed file.
Exif.PixelYDimension	Pixel Y Dimension	Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid height of the meaningful image must be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding data or a restart marker. This tag should not exist in an uncompressed file. Since data padding is unnecessary in the vertical direction, the number of lines recorded in this valid image height tag will in fact be the same as that recorded in the SOF.
Exif.PlanarConfiguration	Planar Configuration	Indicates whether pixel components are recorded in a chunky or planar format. In JPEG compressed files a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag. If this field does not exist, the TIFF default of 1 (chunky) is assumed.
Exif.PrimaryChromaticities	Primary Chromaticities	The chromaticity of the three primary colors of the image. Normally this tag is not necessary, since colorspace is specified in Exif.ColorSpace tag.
Exif.ReferenceBlackWhite	Reference Black/White	The reference black point value and reference white point value. No defaults are given in TIFF, but the values below are given as defaults here. The color space is declared in a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image characteristics Interoperability these conditions.
Exif.RelatedImageFileFormat	Related Image File Format	Related image file format.
Exif.RelatedImageLength	Related Image Length	Related image length.
Exif.RelatedImageWidth	Related Image Width	Related image width.
Exif.RelatedSoundFile	Related Sound File	This tag is used to record the name of an audio file related to the image data. The only relational information recorded here is the Exif audio file name and extension (an ASCII string consisting of 8 characters + '.' + 3 characters). The path is not recorded. When using this tag, audio files must be recorded in conformance to the Exif audio format. Writers are also allowed to store the data such as Audio within APP2 as FlashPix extension stream data. Audio files must be recorded in conformance to the Exif audio format. If multiple files are mapped to one file, the above format is used to record just one audio file name. If there are multiple audio files, the first recorded file is given. When there are three Exif audio files "SND00001.WAV", "SND00002.WAV" and "SND00003.WAV", the Exif image file name for each of them, "DSC00001.JPG", is indicated. By combining multiple relational information, a variety of playback possibilities can be supported. The method of using relational information is left to the implementation on the playback side. Since this information is an ASCII character string, it is terminated by NULL. When this tag is used to map audio files, the relation of the audio file to image data must also be indicated on the audio file end.
Exif.ResolutionUnit	Resolution Unit	The unit for measuring Exif.XResolution and Exif.YResolution. The same unit is used for both Exif.XResolution and Exif.YResolution. If the image resolution is unknown, 2 (inches) is designated.
Exif.RowsPerStrip	Rows per Strip	The number of rows per strip. This is the number of rows in the image of one strip when an image is divided into strips. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.
Exif.SamplesPerPixel	Samples per Pixel	The number of components per pixel. Since this standard applies to RGB and YCbCr images, the value set for this tag is 3. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.Saturation	Saturation	The direction of saturation processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.
Exif.SceneCaptureType	Scene Capture Type	The type of scene that was shot. It can also be used to record the mode in which the image was shot. Note that this differs from Exif.SceneType tag.
Exif.SceneType	Scene Type	The type of scene. If a DSC recorded the image, this tag value must always be set to 1, indicating that the image was directly photographed.
Exif.SensingMethod	Sensing Method	The image sensor type on the camera or input device.
Exif.Sharpness	Sharpness	The direction of sharpness processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.
Exif.ShutterSpeedValue	Shutter Speed	Shutter speed. The unit is the APEX (Additive System of Photographic Exposure) setting.
Exif.Software	Software	This tag records the name and version of the software or firmware of the camera or image input device used to generate the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.SpatialFrequencyResponse	Spatial Frequency Response	This tag records the camera or input device spatial frequency table and SFR values in the direction of image width, image height, and diagonal direction, as specified in ISO 12233.
Exif.SpectralSensitivity	Spectral Sensitivity	The spectral sensitivity of each channel of the camera used.
Exif.StripByteCounts	Strip Byte Count	The total number of bytes in each strip. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.
Exif.StripOffsets	Strip Offsets	For each strip, the byte offset of that strip. It is recommended that this be selected so the number of strip bytes does not exceed 64 Kbytes. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.
Exif.SubIFDs	Sub IFD Offsets	Defined by Adobe Corporation to enable TIFF Trees within a TIFF file.
Exif.SubjectArea	Subject Area	The location and area of the main subject in the overall scene.
Exif.SubjectDistance	Subject Distance	The distance to the subject, given in meters.
Exif.SubjectDistanceRange	Subject Distance Range	The distance to the subject.
Exif.SubjectLocation	Subject Location	The location of the main subject in the scene. The value of this tag represents the pixel at the center of the main subject relative to the left edge, prior to rotation processing as per the Exif.Rotation tag. The first value indicates the X column number and second indicates the Y row number.
Exif.SubsecTime	Subsec Time	Fractions of seconds for the Exif.DateTime tag.
Exif.SubSecTimeDigitized	Subsec Time Digitized	Fractions of seconds for the Exif.DateTimeDigitized tag.
Exif.SubSecTimeOriginal	Subsec Time Original	Fractions of seconds for the Exif.DateTimeOriginal tag.
Exif.TIFF_EPStandardID	TIFF/EP Standard ID	TIFF/EP Standard ID.
Exif.TransferFunction	Transfer Function	A transfer function for the image, described in tabular style. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in Exif.ColorSpace tag.
Exif.TransferRange	Transfer Range	Transfer range.
Exif.UserComment	User Comment	A tag for Exif users to write keywords or comments on the image besides those in Exif.ImageDescription, and without the character code limitations of the Exif.ImageDescription tag. The character code used in the Exif.UserComment tag is identified based on an ID code in a fixed 8-byte area at the start of the tag data area. The unused portion of the area is padded with NULL ("00.h"). ID codes are assigned by means of registration. The value of CountN is determinated based on the 8 bytes in the character code area and the number of bytes in the user comment part. Since the TYPE is not ASCII, NULL termination is not necessary. The ID code for the Exif.UserComment area may be a Defined code such as JIS or ASCII, or may be Undefined. The Undefined name is UndefinedText, and the ID code is filled with 8 bytes of all "NULL" ("00.H"). An Exif reader that reads the Exif.UserComment tag must have a function for determining the ID code. This function is not required in Exif readers that do not use the Exif.UserComment tag. When a Exif.UserComment area is set aside, it is recommended that the ID code be ASCII and that the following user comment part be filled with blank characters [20.H].
Exif.WhiteBalance	White Balance	The white balance mode set when the image was shot.
Exif.WhitePoint	White Point	The chromaticity of the white point of the image. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in Exif.ColorSpace tag.
Exif.XMLPacket	XML Packet	XMP metadata.
Exif.XResolution	x Resolution	The number of pixels per Exif.ResolutionUnit in the Exif.ImageWidth direction. When the image resolution is unknown, 72 [dpi] is designated.
Exif.YCbCrCoefficients	YCbCr Coefficients	The matrix coefficients for transformation from RGB to YCbCr image data. No default is given in TIFF; but here "Color Space Guidelines" is used as the default. The color space is declared in a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image characteristics Interoperability this condition.
Exif.YCbCrPositioning	YCbCr Positioning	The position of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. This field is designated only for JPEG compressed data or uncompressed YCbCr data. The TIFF default is 1 (centered); but when Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:2 it is recommended that 2 (co-sited) be used to record data, in order to improve the image quality when viewed on TV systems. When this field does not exist, the reader shall assume the TIFF default. In the case of Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:0, the TIFF default (centered) is recommended. If the reader does not have the capability of supporting both kinds of Exif.YCbCrPositioning, it shall follow the TIFF default regardless of the value in this field. It is preferable that readers be able to support both centered and co-sited positioning.
Exif.YCbCrSubSampling	YCbCr Sub-Sampling	The sampling ratio of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.YResolution	y Resolution	The number of pixels per Exif.ResolutionUnit in the Exif.ImageLength direction. The same value as Exif.XResolution is designated.
File.Accessed	Accessed	Last access datetime.
File.Content	Content	File's contents filtered as plain text.
File.Description	Description	Editable free text/notes.
File.Format	Format	MIME type of the file or if a directory it should contain value "Folder".
File.Keywords	Keywords	Editable array of keywords.
File.Link	Link	URI of link target.
File.Modified	Modified	Last modified datetime.
File.Name	Name	File name excluding path but including the file extension.
File.Path	Path	Full file path of file excluding the file name.
File.Permissions	Permissions	Permission string in unix format eg "-rw-r--r--".
File.Publisher	Publisher	Editable DC type for the name of the publisher of the file (EG dc:publisher field in RSS feed).
File.Rank	Rank	Editable file rank for grading favourites. Value should be in the range 1..10.
File.Size	Size	Size of the file in bytes or if a directory number of items it contains.
ID3.AlbumSortOrder	Album Sort Order	String which should be used instead of the album name for sorting purposes.
ID3.AudioCrypto	Audio Encryption	Frame indicates if the audio stream is encrypted, and by whom.
ID3.AudioSeekPoint	Audio Seek Point	Fractional offset within the audio data, providing a starting point from which to find an appropriate point to start decoding.
ID3.Band	Band	Additional information about the performers in the recording.
ID3.BPM	BPM	BPM (beats per minute).
ID3.BufferSize	Buffer Size	Recommended buffer size.
ID3.CDID	CD ID	Music CD identifier.
ID3.Commercial	Commercial	Commercial frame.
ID3.Composer	Composer	Composer.
ID3.Conductor	Conductor	Conductor.
ID3.ContentGroup	Content Group	Content group description.
ID3.ContentType	Content Type	Type of music classification for the track as defined in ID3 spec.
ID3.Copyright	Copyright	Copyright message.
ID3.CryptoReg	Encryption Registration	Encryption method registration.
ID3.Date	Date	Date.
ID3.Emphasis	Emphasis	Emphasis.
ID3.EncodedBy	Encoded By	Person or organisation that encoded the audio file. This field may contain a copyright message, if the audio file also is copyrighted by the encoder.
ID3.EncoderSettings	Encoder Settings	Software.
ID3.EncodingTime	Encoding Time	Encoding time.
ID3.Equalization	Equalization	Equalization.
ID3.Equalization2	Equalization 2	Equalisation curve predefine within the audio file.
ID3.EventTiming	Event Timing	Event timing codes.
ID3.FileOwner	File Owner	File owner.
ID3.FileType	File Type	File type.
ID3.Frames	Frames	Number of frames.
ID3.GeneralObject	General Object	General encapsulated object.
ID3.GroupingReg	Grouping Registration	Group identification registration.
ID3.InitialKey	Initial Key	Initial key.
ID3.InvolvedPeople	Involved People	Involved people list.
ID3.InvolvedPeople2	InvolvedPeople2	Involved people list.
ID3.Language	Language	Language.
ID3.LinkedInfo	Linked Info	Linked information.
ID3.Lyricist	Lyricist	Lyricist.
ID3.MediaType	Media Type	Media type.
ID3.MixArtist	Mix Artist	Interpreted, remixed, or otherwise modified by.
ID3.Mood	Mood	Mood.
ID3.MPEG.Lookup	MPEG Lookup	MPEG location lookup table.
ID3.MusicianCreditList	Musician Credit List	Musician credits list.
ID3.NetRadioOwner	Net Radio Owner	Internet radio station owner.
ID3.NetRadiostation	Net Radiostation	Internet radio station name.
ID3.OriginalAlbum	Original Album	Original album.
ID3.OriginalArtist	Original Artist	Original artist.
ID3.OriginalFileName	Original File Name	Original file name.
ID3.OriginalLyricist	Original Lyricist	Original lyricist.
ID3.OriginalReleaseTime	Original Release Time	Original release time.
ID3.OriginalYear	Original Year	Original release year.
ID3.Ownership	Ownership	Ownership frame.
ID3.PartInSet	Part of a Set	Part of a set the audio came from.
ID3.PerformerSortOrder	Performer Sort Order	Performer sort order.
ID3.Picture	Picture	Attached picture.
ID3.PlayCounter	Play Counter	Number of times a file has been played.
ID3.PlaylistDelay	Playlist Delay	Playlist delay.
ID3.Popularimeter	Popularimeter	Rating of the audio file.
ID3.PositionSync	Position Sync	Position synchronisation frame.
ID3.Private	Private	Private frame.
ID3.ProducedNotice	Produced Notice	Produced notice.
ID3.Publisher	Publisher	Publisher.
ID3.RecordingDates	Recording Dates	Recording dates.
ID3.RecordingTime	Recording Time	Recording time.
ID3.ReleaseTime	Release Time	Release time.
ID3.Reverb	Reverb	Reverb.
ID3.SetSubtitle	Set Subtitle	Subtitle of the part of a set this track belongs to.
ID3.Signature	Signature	Signature frame.
ID3.Size	Size	Size of the audio file in bytes, excluding the ID3 tag.
ID3.SongLength	Song length	Length of the song in milliseconds.
ID3.Subtitle	Subtitle	Subtitle.
ID3.Syncedlyrics	Synchronized Lyrics	Synchronized lyric.
ID3.SyncedTempo	Synchronized Tempo	Synchronized tempo codes.
ID3.TaggingTime	Tagging Time	Tagging time.
ID3.TermsOfUse	Terms of Use	Terms of use.
ID3.Time	Time	Time.
ID3.TitleSortOrder	Title Sort Order	Title sort order.
ID3.UniqueFileID	Unique File ID	Unique file identifier.
ID3.UnsyncedLyrics	Unsynchronized Lyrics	Unsynchronized lyric.
ID3.UserText	User Text	User defined text information.
ID3.VolumeAdj	Volume Adjustment	Relative volume adjustment.
ID3.VolumeAdj2	Volume Adjustment 2	Relative volume adjustment.
ID3.WWWArtist	WWW Artist	Official artist.
ID3.WWWAudioFile	WWW Audio File	Official audio file webpage.
ID3.WWWAudioSource	WWW Audio Source	Official audio source webpage.
ID3.WWWCommercialInfo	WWW Commercial Info	URL pointing at a webpage containing commercial information.
ID3.WWWCopyright	WWW Copyright	URL pointing at a webpage that holds copyright.
ID3.WWWPayment	WWW Payment	URL pointing at a webpage that will handle the process of paying for this file.
ID3.WWWPublisher	WWW Publisher	URL pointing at the official webpage for the publisher.
ID3.WWWRadioPage	WWW Radio Page	Official internet radio station homepage.
ID3.WWWUser	WWW User	User defined URL link.
Image.Album	Album	Name of an album the image belongs to.
Image.Comments	Comments	User definable free text.
Image.Copyright	Copyright	Embedded copyright message.
Image.Creator	Creator	Name of the author.
Image.Date	Date	Datetime image was originally created.
Image.Description	Description	Description of the image.
Image.ExposureProgram	Exposure Program	The program used by the camera to set exposure when the picture is taken. EG Manual, Normal, Aperture priority etc.
Image.ExposureTime	Exposure Time	Exposure time used to capture the photo in seconds.
Image.Flash	Flash	Set to "1" if flash was fired.
Image.Fnumber	F Number	Diameter of the aperture relative to the effective focal length of the lens.
Image.FocalLength	Focal Length	Focal length of lens in mm.
Image.Height	Height	Height in pixels.
Image.ISOSpeed	ISO Speed	ISO speed used to acquire the document contents. For example, 100, 200, 400, etc.
Image.Keywords	Keywords	String of keywords.
Image.Make	Make	Make of camera used to take the image.
Image.MeteringMode	Metering Mode	Metering mode used to acquire the image (IE Unknown, Average, CenterWeightedAverage, Spot, MultiSpot, Pattern, Partial).
Image.Model	Model	Model of camera used to take the image.
Image.Orientation	Orientation	Represents the orientation of the image wrt camera (IE "top,left" or "bottom,right").
Image.Software	Software	Software used to produce/enhance the image.
Image.Title	Title	Title of image.
Image.WhiteBalance	White Balance	White balance setting of the camera when the picture was taken (auto or manual).
Image.Width	Width	Width in pixels.
IPTC.ActionAdvised	Action Advised	The type of action that this object provides to a previous object. '01' Object Kill, '02' Object Replace, '03' Object Append, '04' Object Reference.
IPTC.ARMID	ARM Identifier	Identifies the Abstract Relationship Method (ARM).
IPTC.ARMVersion	ARM Version	Identifies the version of the Abstract Relationship Method (ARM).
IPTC.AudioDuration	Audio Duration	The running time of the audio data in the form HHMMSS.
IPTC.AudioOutcue	Audio Outcue	The content at the end of the audio data.
IPTC.AudioSamplingRate	Audio Sampling Rate	The sampling rate in Hz of the audio data.
IPTC.AudioSamplingRes	Audio Sampling Resolution	The number of bits in each audio sample.
IPTC.AudioType	Audio Type	The number of channels and type of audio (music, text, etc.) in the object.
IPTC.Byline	By-line	Name of the creator of the object, e.g. writer, photographer or graphic artist (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.BylineTitle	By-line Title	Title of the creator or creators of the object.
IPTC.Caption	Caption, Abstract	A textual description of the data.
IPTC.Category	Category	Identifies the subject of the object in the opinion of the provider (Deprecated).
IPTC.CharacterSet	Coded Character Set	Control functions used for the announcement, invocation or designation of coded character sets.
IPTC.City	City	City of object origin.
IPTC.ConfirmedDataSize	Confirmed Data Size	Total size of the object data.
IPTC.Contact	Contact	The person or organization which can provide further background information on the object (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.ContentLocCode	Content Location Code	The code of a country/geographical location referenced by the content of the object (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.ContentLocName	Content Location Name	A full, publishable name of a country/geographical location referenced by the content of the object (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.CopyrightNotice	Copyright Notice	Any necessary copyright notice.
IPTC.CountryCode	Country Code	The code of the country/primary location where the object was created.
IPTC.CountryName	Country Name	The name of the country/primary location where the object was created.
IPTC.Credit	Credit	Identifies the provider of the object, not necessarily the owner/creator.
IPTC.DateCreated	Date Created	The date the intellectual content of the object was created rather than the date of the creation of the physical representation.
IPTC.DateSent	Date Sent	The day the service sent the material.
IPTC.Destination	Destination	Routing information.
IPTC.DigitalCreationDate	Digital Creation Date	The date the digital representation of the object was created.
IPTC.DigitalCreationTime	Digital Creation Time	The time the digital representation of the object was created.
IPTC.EditorialUpdate	Editorial Update	The type of update this object provides to a previous object. The link to the previous object is made using the ARM. '01' indicates an additional language.
IPTC.EditStatus	Edit Status	Status of the object, according to the practice of the provider.
IPTC.EnvelopeNum	Envelope Number	A number unique for the date and the service ID.
IPTC.EnvelopePriority	Envelope Priority	Specifies the envelope handling priority and not the editorial urgency. '1' for most urgent, '5' for normal, and '8' for least urgent. '9' is user-defined.
IPTC.ExpirationDate	Expiration Date	Designates the latest date the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.ExpirationTime	Expiration Time	Designates the latest time the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.FileFormat	File Format	File format of the data described by this metadata.
IPTC.FileVersion	File Version	Version of the file format.
IPTC.FixtureID	Fixture Identifier	Identifies objects that recur often and predictably, enabling users to immediately find or recall such an object.
IPTC.Headline	Headline	A publishable entry providing a synopsis of the contents of the object.
IPTC.ImageOrientation	Image Orientation	The layout of the image area: 'P' for portrait, 'L' for landscape, and 'S' for square.
IPTC.ImageType	Image Type	The data format of the image object.
IPTC.Keywords	Keywords	Used to indicate specific information retrieval words (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.LanguageID	Language Identifier	The major national language of the object, according to the 2-letter codes of ISO 639:1988.
IPTC.MaxObjectSize	Maximum Object Size	The largest possible size of the object if the size is not known.
IPTC.MaxSubfileSize	Max Subfile Size	The maximum size for a subfile dataset containing a portion of the object data.
IPTC.ModelVersion	Model Version	Version of IIM part 1.
IPTC.ObjectAttribute	Object Attribute Reference	Defines the nature of the object independent of the subject (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.ObjectCycle	Object Cycle	Where 'a' is morning, 'p' is evening, 'b' is both.
IPTC.ObjectName	Object Name	A shorthand reference for the object.
IPTC.ObjectSizeAnnounced	Object Size Announced	The total size of the object data if it is known.
IPTC.ObjectType	Object Type Reference	Distinguishes between different types of objects within the IIM.
IPTC.OriginatingProgram	Originating Program	The type of program used to originate the object.
IPTC.OrigTransRef	Original Transmission Reference	A code representing the location of original transmission.
IPTC.PreviewData	Preview Data	The object preview data.
IPTC.PreviewFileFormat	Preview File Format	Binary value indicating the file format of the object preview data.
IPTC.PreviewFileFormatVer	Preview File Format Version	The version of the preview file format.
IPTC.ProductID	Product ID	Allows a provider to identify subsets of its overall service.
IPTC.ProgramVersion	Program Version	The version of the originating program.
IPTC.Province	Province, State	The Province/State where the object originates.
IPTC.RasterizedCaption	Rasterized Caption	Contains rasterized object description and is used where characters that have not been coded are required for the caption.
IPTC.RecordVersion	Record Version	Identifies the version of the IIM, Part 2.
IPTC.RefDate	Reference Date	The date of a prior envelope to which the current object refers.
IPTC.RefNumber	Reference Number	The Envelope Number of a prior envelope to which the current object refers.
IPTC.RefService	Reference Service	The Service Identifier of a prior envelope to which the current object refers.
IPTC.ReleaseDate	Release Date	Designates the earliest date the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.ReleaseTime	Release Time	Designates the earliest time the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.ServiceID	Service Identifier	Identifies the provider and product.
IPTC.SizeMode	Size Mode	Set to 0 if the size of the object is known and 1 if not known.
IPTC.Source	Source	The original owner of the intellectual content of the object.
IPTC.SpecialInstructions	Special Instructions	Other editorial instructions concerning the use of the object.
IPTC.State	Province, State	The Province/State where the object originates.
IPTC.Subfile	Subfile	The object data itself. Subfiles must be sequential so that the subfiles may be reassembled.
IPTC.SubjectRef	Subject Reference	A structured definition of the subject matter. It must contain an IPR, an 8 digit Subject Reference Number and an optional Subject Name, Subject Matter Name, and Subject Detail Name each separated by a colon (:).
IPTC.Sublocation	Sub-location	The location within a city from which the object originates.
IPTC.SupplCategory	Supplemental Category	Further refines the subject of the object (Deprecated).
IPTC.TimeCreated	Time Created	The time the intellectual content of the object was created rather than the date of the creation of the physical representation (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.TimeSent	Time Sent	The time the service sent the material.
IPTC.UNO	Unique Name of Object	An eternal, globally unique identification for the object, independent of provider and for any media form.
IPTC.Urgency	Urgency	Specifies the editorial urgency of content and not necessarily the envelope handling priority. '1' is most urgent, '5' normal, and '8' least urgent.
IPTC.WriterEditor	Writer/Editor	The name of the person involved in the writing, editing or correcting the object or caption/abstract (multiple values allowed).
PDF.PageSize	Page Size	Page size format.
PDF.PageWidth	Page Width	Page width in mm.
PDF.PageHeight	Page Height	Page height in mm.
PDF.Version	PDF Version	The PDF version of the document.
PDF.Producer	Producer	The application that converted the document to PDF.
PDF.EmbeddedFiles	Embedded Files	Number of embedded files in the document.
PDF.Optimized	Fast Web View	Set to "1" if optimized for network access.
PDF.Printing	Printing	Set to "1" if printing is allowed.
PDF.HiResPrinting	Printing in High Resolution	Set to "1" if high resolution printing is allowed.
PDF.Copying	Copying	Set to "1" if copying the contents is allowed.
PDF.Modifying	Modifying	Set to "1" if modifying the contents is allowed.
PDF.DocAssembly	Document Assembly	Set to "1" if inserting, rotating, or deleting pages and creating navigation elements is allowed.
PDF.Commenting	Commenting	Set to "1" if adding or modifying text annotations is allowed.
PDF.FormFilling	Form Filling	Set to "1" if filling of form fields is allowed.
PDF.AccessibilitySupport	Accessibility Support	Set to "1" if accessibility support (eg. screen readers) is enabled.
Vorbis.Contact	Contact	Contact information for the creators or distributors of the track.
Vorbis.Description	Description	A textual description of the data.
Vorbis.License	License	License information.
Vorbis.Location	Location	Location where track was recorded.
Vorbis.Contact	Maximum bitrate	Maximum bitrate in kbps.
Vorbis.Contact	Minimum bitrate	Minimum bitrate in kbps.
Vorbis.Contact	Nominal bitrate	Nominal bitrate in kbps.
Vorbis.Organization	Organization	Organization producing the track.
Vorbis.Vendor	Vendor	Vorbis vendor ID.
Vorbis.Version	Vorbis Version	Vorbis version.
Non-existent metatags are expanded to empty strings.

Ranges
Ranges are a method of accessing a part of a string. The concept of ranges is based on python slices.
A range (start_index:end_index) starts at the start_index and finishes one character before the end_index.
Range syntax
(start_index:end_index)
(start_index) ≡ (start_index:)
(start_index,length) ≡ (start_index:start_index+length)
If one of the indices is dropped, it is assumed that you want everything in that direction. I.e. (:3) means "every character from the beginning of the string up to character 3, non-inclusive." (3:) would, on the other hand, mean "every character from the string, starting at character 3 (inclusive) up to, and including, the last one." If index is negative, it is relative to the end of the string. Index -3 stands for "the third character from the end of the string".
Position of the first letter is '0'.

g_date_time_format() format controls
Placeholder	Replacement
%a	The abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale
%A	The abbreviated month name according to the current locale
%b	The abbreviated month name according to the current locale
%B	The full month name according to the current locale
%c	The preferred date and time representation for the current locale
%C	The century number (year/100) as a 2-digit integer
%d	The day of the month as a decimal number (range 01 to 31)
%e	Like %d, the day of the month as a decimal number, but a leading zero is replaced by a space
%F	Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format)
%G	The ISO 8601 year with century as a decimal number. The 4-digit year corresponding to the ISO week number (see %V). This has the same format and value as %y, except that if the ISO week number belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead
%g	Like %G, but without century, i.e., with a 2-digit year (00-99)
%h	Equivalent to %b
%H	The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00 to 23)
%I	The hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01 to 12)
%j	The day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366)
%k	The hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 0 to 23); single digits are preceded by a blank (see also %H)
%l	The hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 1 to 12); single digits are preceded by a blank (see also %I)
%m	The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12)
%M	The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59)
%O	Modifier: use alternative format, see below
%p	Either "AM" or "PM" according to the given time value, or the corresponding strings for the current locale. Noon is treated as "pm" and midnight as "am"
%P	Like %p but in lowercase: "am" or "pm" or a corresponding string for the current locale
%r	The time in a.m. or p.m. notation. In the POSIX locale this is equivalent to "%I:%M:%S %p"
%R	The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M). For a version including the seconds, see %T below
%s	The number of seconds since the Epoch, i.e., since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
%S	The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61)
%T	The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M:%S)
%u	The day of the week as a decimal, range 1 to 7, Monday being 1. See also %w
%V	The ISO 8601:1988 week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has at least 4 days in the current year, and with Monday as the first day of the week. See also %U and %W
%w	The day of the week as a decimal, range 0 to 6, Sunday being 0. See also %u
%x	The preferred date representation for the current locale without the time
%X	The preferred time representation for the current locale without the date
%y	The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99)
%Y	The year as a decimal number including the century
%z	The time-zone as hour offset from GMT. Required to emit RFC822-conformant dates (using "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z")
%Z	The time zone or name or abbreviation
%+	The date and time in date format
%%	A literal "%" character
Some conversion specifiers can be modified by preceding them by the O modifier to indicate that an alternative format should be used. If the alternative format or specification does not exist for the current locale, the behaviour will be as if the unmodified conversion specification were used.

Remote Connections
The Remote Connections dialog gives an overview about the stored connections to remote servers. It is also your starting point for opening a connection to a remote server.
Open the dialog by clicking Connections Remote Server... in the menu bar or by hitting CTRL F.
It is divided into four parts:
Connections list,
Buttons to Add, Edit and to Remove a selected connection,
Option for setting the anonymous FTP password globally.
A Close and a Connect button.
Double click on a connection or select a connection and hit ENTER will open the remote connection in the active pane of GNOME Commander.
An example figure with three anonymous FTP and one secure SSH connection is shown below.
In the subsection Adding and Configuring Remote Connections it is shown how to edit a connection by clicking on the Add or Edit button.

Remote Connections Overview
Overview of remote servers.

Adding and Configuring Remote Connections
Remote connection details can be set up temporarily or permanently, depending on how they are added to GNOME Commander:
By hitting the shortcut CTRL N a temporary connection is configured. That's why no connection alias is needed in this case. If you restart GNOME Commander, the connection details have to be entered again to connect to the same server.
By adding a remote connection via the Add button in the Remote Connections dialog (see above), the connection is stored permanently in this dialog. If you restart GNOME Commander the stored connection is available again.
Currently, (GNOME Commander version 1.4) there are six different connection types available:
SSH
Public FTP
FTP (with login)
Windows share
WebDAV (HTTP)
Secure WebDAV (HTTPS)
Custom location
Depending on the choice, different login details have to be entered in the Remote Server dialog.
See an example for a public FTP server in the figure below.

Creating Server Connection
Creating a new remote server connection.

Using the Internal Viewer
The internal viewer allows viewing contents of files in text, Unicode, binary, hex or graphical mode.
To start viewing files use F3 (default viewer - defined in Settings Options...) or SHIFT F3 (internal viewer). The internal viewer uses MMAP whenever possible for the fastest file loading.

View Modes
The View Modes group (In the View menu) contains the preferences that you can set to view images and texts in the internal viewer window:
Text mode
Binary mode
Hex dump mode
Image mode
For all of the three text modes (mode 1 to 3) you can change the text encoding in Text Encoding.
For the image display mode you can choose if additional meta data should be shown below the image by selecting Image Show Metadata Tags.
Below of the View Modes in the View menu you can set the zoom factor. You can
Zoom in (CTRL +),
Zoom out (CTRL -),
Zoom to normal size (CTRL 0), or
Fit the image into the window of the internal viewer.

To Scroll an Image
To scroll around an image that is larger than the image window or full screen window, you can use the following methods:
Use the arrow keys on the keyboard.
Drag the scrollbars on the window borders.
Move the mouse scroll wheel for up/down movement; CTRL+mouse wheel for left/right movement
Click at a random position of the image and drag it by pulling your mouse in the opposite direction to which you want to scroll. For example, if you want to scroll down the image, drag the image upwards.

Keyboard mappings
Shortcut	Mapping
Escape CTRL Q	Closes the internal viewer window
W	Toggles line wrapping (applicable only in text display modes)
T ALT ENTER	Shows metadata tags
Input Modes:
A	Sets ASCII input mode. When in ASCII mode, you can also set the required character encoding from the "View|Character Encoding" submenu
Q	Sets ASCII input mode, with codepage 437 encoding (suitable for binary and hex mode viewing)
U	Sets UTF-8 input mode
Display modes:
1	Sets display mode to text, with fixed width font
2	Sets display mode to binary. Switching to Binary display mode will automatically set ASCII input mode (UTF-8 is not supported with binary display)
3	Sets display mode to hex dump. Switching to hex display mode will automatically set ASCII input mode (UTF-8 is not supported with hex dump display)
4	Tries to load the file as an image. Loading is done using GDK, so every GDK-supported format should work.
Zooming:
CTRL +	Zooms in or increment the font size
CTRL -	Zooms out or decrement the font size
CTRL 0	Sets normal size
Image manipulation:
CTRL R	Rotates the image 90° (applicable only in IMAGE display mode)
CTRL SHIFT R	Rotates the image 270° (applicable only in IMAGE display mode)
Image manipulation:
CTRL S	Saves the current window size, input mode, and other settings as the default. Starting display mode is determined by the file's content, and is not saved as a user setting.

Settings
To configure GNOME Commander, hit CTRL O or in the menubar choose Settings Options... The Options dialog contains the following tabbed sections:

General
The General tab is used to configure the GNOME Commander basic behavior.
The settings alter the behavior of the following features:
Left mouse button configures the action resulting from clicking the left mouse button.
Middle mouse button configures the action resulting from clicking the middle mouse button.
Right mouse button configures the action resulting from clicking the right mouse button.
Deletion configures the usage of the trash can.
Selection makes directories selectable also by keyboard shortcuts.
Sorting/Quick search configures whether sorting and the quick search is case sensitive.
Quick search configures the combination of keys used for quick search and also the pattern matching system used.
Multiple instances configures the number of GNOME Commander that can be launched
Save on exit configures the storage of location when GNOME Commander is closed.
To modify the general options click on Settings Options..., then click on the General tab.
The options available are described in more details in the General option tab.

General option tab
Header	Option	Description
Left Mouse button	Single click to open items	When selecting this option, a single left mouse button click on a file will open it with the default application.
	Double click to open items	When selecting this option, a double click with the left mouse button on a file will open it with the default application.
	Single click unselects files	When selecting this option, a single left mouse button click on an unselected file or folder will unselect the current selection. If the option is not active a left click on any file will not affect the current selection.
Middle Mouse button	Up one directory	When selecting this option a middle click with the mouse on any item in GNOME Commander will display the parent directory of the current one. The middle click is usually emulated by clicking both left and right buttons simultaneously on two buttons mice.
	Opens new tab	When selecting this option, a middle click on a directory in GNOME Commander with the mouse will open it in a new tab.
Right Mouse button	Shows pop up menu	When selecting this option a right click with the mouse on an item in GNOME Commander will open a contextual menu at the location of the click.
	Select files	When selecting this option, a right click on an item in GNOME Commander with the mouse will select it.
Deletion	Move to trash	When selecting this option files and folders are by default moved to trash instead of deleting them permanently.
Sorting/Quick search	Case sensitive	When this option is activated GNOME Commander will differentiate the sorting order between upper case and lower case, upper case items are then listed before lower case ones. Also the quicksearch will differentiate between upper case and lower case if this option is activated.
Quick search using	CTRL+ALT+Letters	By selecting this option when you press CTRL Alt Letter GNOME Commander will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item using that letter. You can then enter more letters after the first one to refine the search. By then pressing the up or down arrow key the cursor will jump to all files or folders which match your selection.
	Alt+letters (menu access with F10)	When you press Alt Letter GNOME Commander will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item using that letter. You can then enter more letters after the first one to refine the search. By selecting this option you alter the standard GNOME behavior and to access the menus with the keyboard you will need to use the F10 key.
	Just letters (command line access with CTRL Alt C)	When you press a letter GNOME Commander will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item using that letter. You can then enter more letters after the first one to refine the search. By selecting this option you alter the standard GNOME behavior and to access the command line with the keyboard you will need to use the command CTRL Alt C.
	Match beginning of the file name	By selecting this option when you start to search for a letter or a letter combination, GNOME Commander will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item beginning with that letter or that letter combination.
	Match end of the file name	By selecting this option when you start to search for a letter or a letter combination, GNOME Commander will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item ending with that letter or that letter combination.
Multiple instances	Don't start a new instance	By activating this option GNOME Commander can only have one instance running.
Save on exit	Directories	By activating this option GNOME Commander saves the current folder location on exit. When restarted, the two active location are reopened. Regardless of 'Save on exit' option, locations for locked tabs are always saved on exit.
	Tabs	By activating this option GNOME Commander saves all the opened tabs locations on exit. When restarted, all the tabs are reopened in their previous location.
	Directory history	By activating this option GNOME Commander saves the history of opened directories on exit. When restarted, the history of visited directories is accessible again.
	Commandline history	By activating this option GNOME Commander saves the history of executed commandline commands on exit. When restarted, the history of commands in the commandline accessible again.

Format
The Format tab contains the options on how file informations are displayed.
Size display mode select the size information format.
Permission display mode select the permissions display format.
Date format select the date display format.
To modify the Format options click on Settings Options..., then click on the Format tab.
The options available are described in more details in the Format option tab

Format options
Shows GNOME Commander format preferences dialog.

Format option tab
Header	Option	Description
Size display mode	Powered	The powered option displays file sizes using units such as B KB MB
	<locale>	The locale option uses the current local settings number format to display the file size in bytes.
	Grouped	The grouped entry displays the file size in groups of three digits separated by a space. The unit used is the byte.
	Plain	The plain option displays the file size in bytes without any separation.
Permission display mode	Text (rw-r--r--)	Display the permission in text format. Using r for read, w for write, x for executable.
	Number (644)	Display the permission in octal numerical format.
Date format	Format	The date format is defined by GIO's g_date_time_format() function. For more information about g_date_time_format please read the documentation.

Layout
The layout preferences tab allows you to configure the appearance of GNOME Commander. You can allocate fonts, row heights, icons and color theme.
File Panes: In this section you can modify the way GNOME Commander is displayed.
Mime icon settings in this section you can configure how and which icons display when they are enabled in the previous section.
To modify the Panes layout options click on Settings Options..., then click on the Layout tab.
The options available are described in more details in the Layout option tab

Layout options
Shows GNOME Commander layout preferences dialog.

Layout option tab
Header	Option	Description
File panes	Font	This button opens a font selection dialog, where you can preview and select the preferred font and size in which text is displayed in the panes.
	Row height	This is the height of every row displayed in the panes in pixels you can increase or decrease it here using the spin button or entering the size manually.
	Display file extensions	You can select here how file extensions are displayed in this drop down list. There are three options available: In both columns where the extension is displayed in filename and extension columns In separate column where the extension is displayed in its own column With filename where the extension is only displayed in the file name column; in this case the ext column is still displayed to allow sorting by extension
	Graphical mode	The graphical mode has three display options in the drop down list: No icons this option does not display an icon item in the first column in the pane it displays a "/" in front of directories to distinguish them from files. File type icons this option displays simple icons for files and folder. MIME icons this option displays the mime icon associated with the file type. Selecting this option activates the MIME icon settings section below.
	Color scheme	GNOME Commander comes with six color themes. You can also use the theme as defined by your current GNOME theme (Respect theme colors). There is also an option to customize the theme (Custom). This option activates the Edit button.
	Edit	When the Custom option is selected this button activates. Clicking on it will open a dialog box where you can select row and alternate row colors for the foreground (text color) and background, the alternate colors are used by every other row, the selected file colors and the cursor position colors. For more information see below at Configuring Custom Colors.
	Colorize files according to the LS_COLORS environment variable	This option uses LS_COLORS variable to highlight file types just like the command "ls". For more information see below at Configuring Custom LS_COLORS.
MIME icon settings	Icon size	Specify the size of icons used to represent the files when MIME icon is activated above.
	Scaling quality	Select the render quality of the icons (higher is better).
	Theme icon directory	If you wish to customize the theme icon select the folder containing the custom icons here.

Configuring Custom Colors
To configure the custom colors for GNOME Commander click on Settings Options, click on the Layout tab, Select Custom in the Color scheme: drop down list then click the Edit button.
This feature allows you to configure how GNOME Commander displays elements to suit your needs. By default the unselected elements are all displayed in the same way. This can become confusing, to solve this you can configure alternate colors for alternate rows.
Foreground describes the color used for the text, and background is the background color used for the row.
Default this is the text and background colors used by default. These colors are used for standard unselected items.
Alternate If you wish to have a different color on alternate rows to help distinguish the files you can change the colors defined here. By default they are set to the same colors as the default.
Selected File, all selected items will be marked using the colors defined here. They differ from the default to help visualization of the marked items.
Cursor is the row currently activated. This highlights the position and is useful when navigating files with the keyboard.
See the example figure of the Edit Colors... dialog below.

Configuring Custom Colors
Shows GNOME Commander dialog for editing custom colors.

Configuring Custom LS_COLORS
GNOME Commander does not differentiate files types by default.
You can configure it to differentiate file types like LS_COLORS does when using the command shell. For more information on this you can look up the dir_colors man page.
To enable the use of LS_COLORS for GNOME Commander click on Settings Options, than on the Layout tab and activate the Colorize files according to the LS_COLORS environment variable check box.
If you prefer other shades of colors than given by the LS_COLOR variable you may change them by clicking on the Edit colors... button.
Some users reported that custom LS_COLORS, defined in ~/.dir_colors, are not applied if GNOME Commander was started by clicking on a .desktop file or by starting it using the GNOME menu. In that case you have to make sure that LS_COLORS is set in the file ~/.profile or ~/.xprofile.
For this you will need to find out the default TERM value of your system. Therefore, login to a virtual terminal by pressing CTRL ALT F1 and execute the command echo $TERM. If the output is linux, the entry in ~/.profile might look like this:

   # Set colors
   export TERM=linux
   test -r ~/.dir_colors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dir_colors)"

Tabs
The tabs preferences tab allows you to configure parameters for tabs.
By checking Always show the tab bar in the tab bar section, GNOME Commander will always show the tab bar, even if only one tab is opened.
In the tab lock indicator section, you can configure the way how a locked tab will by indicated. There are three different possibilities:
Lock icon: An icon is shown,
* (asterix): An asterix is shown,
Styled text: The name of the tab is colored.

Tabs options
Shows GNOME Commander tabs preferences dialog.

Confirmation
The Confirmation tab allows you to configure when a confirmation dialog is displayed. You may also configure the behavior of GNOME Commander when the confirmation dialog does not appear.
Delete whether deleting an item needs to be confirmed
Copy overwrite configure the action when an item copied already exists in the target location
Move overwrite configure the action when an item moved already exists in the target location
Default Drag and Drop Action configure the action when an item is dropped after dragging it with the mouse
To modify the confirmation settings click on Settings Options..., then click on the Confirmation tab.
The options available are described in more details in the Layout option tab.

Confirmation options
Shows GNOME Commander confirmation preferences dialog.

Layout option tab
Header	Option	Description
Delete	Confirm before delete	When activated GNOME Commander opens a dialog to confirm file deletion.
	Confirm defaults to OK	Selects default action in the dialog.
Copy overwrite	Silently	When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied it will be silently overwritten.
	Query first	When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied GNOME Commander will open a dialog asking for user confirmation. The user can authorize the overwriting of the file or skip the file.
	Skip all	When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied, the files will be skipped and not copied into the target directory.
Move overwrite	Silently	When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files moved it will be silently overwritten.
	Query first	When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files moved GNOME Commander will open a dialog asking for user confirmation. The user can authorize the overwriting of the file or skip the file. The skipped file will then be still present in the source location.
	Skip all	When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied, the file will be skipped and not moved into the target directory. The selected files will not be moved
Drag and Drop	Confirm mouse operation	When this option is selected and if an item is dragged and dropped by using the mouse, a dialog opens in which the user is asked what should happen: Copy here: A copy of the item is created Move here: The item is moved Link here: A link to the item is created Cancel: No action is performed

Filters
The filter section of the option dialog allows you to select which types of files are hidden.
To modify the filter settings click on Settings Options..., then click on the Filters tab.
The description for the files you can add in the hidden section is in the Filters option tab

Filters options
Shows GNOME Commander filters preferences dialog.

Filters option tab
Header	Option	Description
Filetypes to hide	Unknown	Unknown filetypes are files that MIME does not have a definition for (on this system).
	Regular files	Any normal files that contain text or binary executable.
	Directories	Directories or folders are special types of files that contain a list of other files.
	Fifo files	A FIFO file does not contain any user information. Instead, it allows two or more processes to communicate with each other by reading/writing to/from this file.
	Socket files	Socket files are the representation of physical devices in the filesystem.
	Character devices	A peripheral device that transfers data one byte at a time such as a serial port.
	Block devices	A peripheral device that transfers a group of bytes of data at a time such as a disk.
Also hide	Hidden Files	Hidden files and directory in linux are preceded by the ".". Hidden files usually contain application settings
	Backup files	Backup files are standard files. They contain a previous version of a file using the same name. The extension of this file is usually changed to "~" or "bak".
	Symlinks	A symlink is an object linking to a file or a folder.
	Backup files	If backup files are hidden you can add more filename extensions here that are used as backup files on your system.

Programs
This section of the options dialog lets you configure preferred applications for different tasks. In the Other favourite apps section you can specify even more applications for opening certain document types. See Programs option tab and below for more information.

Programs options
Shows GNOME Commander programs preferences dialog.

Programs option tab
Header	Option	Description
MIME application	Always download remote files before opening in external program	Whether the associated application is started before the remote file is downloaded locally.
Standard programs	Viewer:	Set which application is used when the view command is used by pressing the F3 key. Default value: "gedit %s". %s is the variable containing the selected items. See String expansion tab for more information. By default GNOME Commander uses an internal viewer. See next row.
	Use internal viewer	When this option is activated (default) GNOME Commander uses its internal viewer to display the selected item, if it is deactivated the application defined above will be used instead.
	Editor:	In this text box you can type in the command line used to start your favourite text editor. Default value: "gedit %s"
	Differ:	In this text box you can type in the command line used to start your favourite comparison tool. %s is the variable containing the selected files to compare. Default value: "meld %s"
	Send files:	In this text box you can type in the command line used to send files to a preferred application. %s is the variable containing the selected files to be sent. Default value: "nautilus-sendto %s"
	Terminal:	In this text box you can type in the command line used to start you favourite terminal application. Default value: "gnome-terminal".
Other favorite apps	Add	You can add any other application in this section. The applications defined here will appear in the contextual menu. A dialog box is opened when you click on this button. This dialog box options are described below.
	Edit	Clicking this button will open a dialog were you can modify the parameters used to launch the application selected. The same dialog box as above is opened when you click on this button. This dialog box options are described below.
	Remove	Clicking this button will remove the application selected from the list.
	Up	Clicking this button will move the application up in the list, this will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
	Down	Clicking this button will move the application down in the list, this will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
Global app options	Terminal command for apps in the list above	In this text box you can type in the command line used to start your app from the list above with a favourite terminal application. %s is the variable used to pass the command to be executed in the terminal. Default value: "gnome-terminal -e %s".
	Leave terminal window open	With this checkbox you can decide if you want the leave a terminal window open when the command in it finishes.
As you can see in the list above, "%s" can be used for filename expansion. All possible expansion types are listed in the table below:

String expansion
String	Expands to...
%f	File name (or list for multiple selections)
%F	Quoted filename (or list for multiple selections)
%p	Full file system path (or list for multiple selections)
%P	Quoted full file system path (or list for multiple selections)
%s	Synonym for %P (for compatibility with previous versions of GNOME Commander)
%u	Fully qualified URI for the file (or list for multiple selections)
%d	Full path to the directory containing file
%D	Quoted full path to the directory containing file
%%	Percent sign
The section below describes the process of adding or modifying other applications to the contextual menu
In the New Application dialog box you can input a number of different parameters to run the application you want. You will probably need to check the various options available for the application in its manual pages.
The dialog box used to modify existing applications is the same as the one described below.

New Application dialog
Shows GNOME Commander new application dialog.

New Application tab
Header	Option	Description
Label:		This text box contains the label that is displayed in the contextual menu.
Command:		This text box contains the command line used to start the application and open the selected items. It is recommended that you read the help or the manual pages of the application to start it properly and to configure it with the correct options.
Icon:	Choose Icon	Clicking on this button opens a dialog box where you can choose the Icon that will displayed in the contextual menu.
Options	Can handle multiple files	Whether the application can handle multiple file names to be passed in the command used to start it.
	Can handle URIs	Whether the application can handle a file name provided as a URI. This is especially important when you work on remote files. You can get more information about this in the Help and Manual pages of the application itself.
	Requires terminal	Whether the application requires a terminal to be opened. In this case GNOME Commander starts the application in an independent terminal.
Show for	All files	When this option is selected right clicking on any file will display the application in the contextual menu.
	All directories	When this option is selected right clicking on any directory will display the application in the contextual menu.
	All directories and files	When this option is selected right clicking on any file or directory will display the application in the contextual menu.
	Some files	When this option is selected right clicking on the files specified in the File patterns below will display the application in the contextual menu.
	File patterns	This contains the file extensions specific to the application. The syntax is as follow: "*.extension" use ";" as a separator between the different extensions if there are more than one.

Devices
This section of the option dialog lets you configure devices so that you can access them by pressing a button in the device buttons toolbar or an entry in the connections menu.
This can be useful if you have configured devices through your fstab file. In this case, these devices might not be shown automatically in the devices buttons toolbar.
In the Devices window all devices which have been added manually are shown together with their icon.
Below the Devices window you have two options:
Show Samba workgroups icons: If activated, a SMB workgroups icon will be shown in the device buttons toolbar.
Show only the icons: If activated, device icons are shown without their alias name in the device buttons toolbar.
On the right hand side there are five buttons, described in the Devices tab table below.

Devices options
Shows GNOME Commander devices preferences dialog.

Devices tab
Header	Option	Description
Devices:	Add:	You can add a device by pressing this button. The device defined here will appear in the device buttons toolbar and an entry in the connections menu. A dialog box is opened when you click on this button.
	Edit:	Clicking this button will open a dialog were you can modify a device which is selected in the Devices window list.
	Remove:	Clicking this button will remove the application selected from the Devices window list.
	Up:	Clicking this button will move the device up in the list. This will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
	Down:	Clicking this button will move the device down in the list. This will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
The dialog box used to add new and to modify existing devices is the same. The explanation for this one follows below.

Devices option tab
Header	Option	Description
Alias:		This text box contains the label that is displayed in the contextual menu.
Device/Label:		This text box contains the device which should be accessed. Usually it is located in the /dev directory, so you can for example write /dev/sdx1 here. The device would then be mounted via "mount /dev/sdx1". On the other hand you can also add a label of a device which you have configured in the system fstab. If the string entered in the text box does not start with a "/" character (e.g. Media), the device is mounted with "mount -L" (e.g. "mount -L Media").
Mount point:		Here you specify where the device should be mounted to, so that Gnome Commander knows where to jump to when the mount was successful, for example /mnt/cdrom.
Icon		By clicking on the button you can specify the icon which should be displayed in the contextual menu.

Keyboard Shortcuts
In this section the keyboard shortcuts in GNOME Commander are presented. In the table below you will find each keyboard shortcut, its mappings and an info if it is user definable.
If you want to know more about how to change a keyboard shortcut or how to assign a new one (if user definable), look at the section User Actions.
The daily usage of GNOME Commander is very effective if you know by heart at least the most important keyboard shortcuts for moving and file handling (see section Basic Usage). Learn them and GNOME Commander will be an even more effective tool for you.
Some keyboard shortcuts may not work as expected under your environment, e.g. GNOME. The reason for that is that the environment uses some global shortcuts (i.e. ALT F7 moves the entire application window in GNOME), which suppresses assigned keyboard mapping of GNOME Commander. Use the keyboard shortcuts preference tool of your environment to customize the default keyboard shortcuts to your requirements.
Shortcut	Mapping	User definable
F1	Help
F2	Rename a file
F3	View files
F4	Edit file
F5	Copy files
F6	Rename or move files
F7	Create directory
F8	Delete files
F9	Search
F12	Display main menu	yes
ALT 1	Change left connection	yes
ALT 2	Change right connection	yes
ALT F3	View with external viewer	yes
ALT F7	Search	yes
ALT F8	Open the history list for the command line
ALT DOWN	Open the history list of visited directories	yes
SHIFT F2	Compare directories	yes
SHIFT F3	View with internal viewer	yes
SHIFT F4	Edit a new file	yes
SHIFT F5	Make a copy of the file in the current directory.	yes
SHIFT F6	Rename a file	yes
SHIFT F10	Bring up the context menu for the selected files.
CTRL F3	Sort by name
CTRL F4	Sort by extension
CTRL F5	Sort by date/time
CTRL F6	Sort by size
CTRL F7	Unsorted
CTRL SHIFT F5	Create symbolic link	yes
SUPER 1	Change left connection	yes
SUPER 2	Change right connection	yes
SUPER F	Search files	yes
=	Select files using a pattern	yes
NUM +	Select files using a pattern	yes
NUM -	Unselect files using a pattern	yes
NUM *	Invert selection	yes
NUM /	Restore selection
CTRL =	Select all files	yes
CTRL -	Unselect all files	yes
ALT NUM +	Select all files with the same extension
ALT NUM -	Unselect all files with the same extension
BACKSPACE CTRL PageUp	Change to parent directory (cd ..)
ENTER	Change directory or execute command line if not empty
SHIFT ENTER	Execute command line in the defined terminal and leaves the terminal window open
CTRL PageDown	Change directory	yes
ALT LEFT	Go back to the last visited directory
ALT RIGHT	Go forward to the next visited directory
CTRL \	Go to the root directory	yes
CTRL ~ CTRL `	Go to the home directory	yes
INSERT	Select file or directory
SPACE	Select file or directory (as INSERT). If SPACE is used on an unselected directory under the cursor, the contents in this directory are counted and the size is shown in the "full" view instead of the string DIR
ALT ENTER	Show properties for the selected file
ALT SHIFT ENTER	The contents of all directories in the current directory are counted. The sizes of the directories are then shown in the "full" view instead of the string DIR
DELETE	Delete files
SHIFT DELETE	Delete files permanently (do not move them to the trash can, even if this is configured in the options)
CTRL C	Copy files to clipboard (not a global one yet)
CTRL X	Cut files to clipboard (not a global one yet)
CTRL V	Paste from clipboard to current dir (not a global one yet)
CTRL SHIFT C	Copy selected file names to clipboard
CTRL A	Select all files	yes
CTRL SHIFT A	Unselect all files	yes
CTRL D	Open favorite directories (bookmarks)	yes
CTRL M	Advanced Rename Tool	yes
TAB	Switch between left and right file list
CTRL U	Switch between left and right file list
CTRL LEFT	Copy the current working directory from the active left file list to the right one	yes
CTRL RIGHT	Copy the current working directory from the active right file list to the left one	yes
CTRL .	Copy the current working directory from the inactive file list to the active one	yes
CTRL SHIFT .	Copy the current working directory from the active file list to the inactive one	yes
CTRL T	Open directory in a new tab	yes
CTRL W	Close current tab	yes
CTRL SHIFT W	Close all tabs	yes
CTRL TAB	Switch to the next tab
CTRL SHIFT TAB	Switch to the previous tab
CTRL R	Refresh the active file list	yes
CTRL O	Options dialog	yes
CTRL SHIFT H	Toggle hidden files on/off
CTRL SHIFT =	Set both panels equal	yes
CTRL N	Open new remote connection	yes
CTRL F	Connect to remote server	yes
CTRL SHIFT F	Disconnect from remote server	yes
CTRL 5	Create MD5 (128-bit) checksum	yes
ALT Letter(s) CTRL ALT Letter(s)	Quick search for a file name (starting with specified letter) in the current directory
Letter	Redirect to command line, cursor jumps to command line
ESC	Clear the command line
CTRL K	Delete to the end of line
CTRL W	Delete the word to the left of the cursor
CTRL T	Delete the word to the right of the cursor
CTRL P	The full path of the current directory is added to the command line
CTRL ENTER	The file name under the cursor in the source directory is added to the end of the command line
CTRL SHIFT ENTER	The file name under the cursor including its path is added to the end of the command line
CTRL DOWN CTRL E ALT F8	A list with the latest command lines (history list) is opened. Use the UP and DOWN cursor keys to select an entry. By pressing the LEFT or RIGHT key, you can edit the command line. This automatically closes the list

User Actions
User actions trigger predefined functions (actions) and make GNOME Commander very flexible. They are accessed by a key or set of keys (shortcut key).

Managing user actions
The menu for user actions and associated keyboard shortcuts can be opened by clicking on Settings Keyboard Shortcuts.... Below, the usage of the dialog is Keyboard Shortcuts... explained.
In the keyboard shortcut dialog a table with three columns is shown:
Shortcut Key: Key combination the user has to press to perform the action.
Action: Action to perform by pressing the shortcut key.
Options: Some user actions require an option to perform the action, e.g. the command to be executed by the "Execute command" action.
You can Add a new shortcut and Remove a selected one with the related buttons on the right.
The default dialog window is shown in the figure Keyboard Shortcuts below.
Available user actions are shown in the table List of user actions below.
Find the default key bindings in the previous section Keyboard Shortcuts.
It's possible to assign more than one key combinations to an action. To do so, click on the Add button, choose a new shortcut and choose the action which is already assigned to another shortcut. Some actions are already assigned to multiple shortcuts by default.
Key bindings are stored in the <KeyBindings> section of GNOME Commander config file (~/.gnome-commander/gnome-commander.xml).

Keyboard Shortcuts
Shows GNOME Commander keyboard shortcuts.

List of user actions
User action	Description
About GNOME Commander	About GNOME Commander
Advanced rename tool	Advanced rename tool
Back one directory	Go back to the last visited directory
Back to the first directory	Go forward to the first visited directory
Bookmark current directory	Bookmark current directory
Change directory	Change directory
Change left connection	Change left connection
Change owner/group	Change file ownership
Change permissions	Change file access permissions
Change right connection	Change right connection
Close all tabs	Close all tabs
Close connection	Disconnect from remote server
Close duplicate tabs	Close duplicate tabs
Close the current tab	Close the current tab
Compare directories	Compare directories
Compare files (diff)	Compare files using the differ in Settings Options... Programs
Configure plugins	Configure plugins
Copy	Copy files to clipboard (not a global one yet)
Copy files	Copy files
Copy file names	Copy file names to clipboard
Copy files with rename	Copy file with rename
Create directory	Create directory
Create symbolic link	Create symbolic link
Cut	Cut files to clipboard (not a global one yet)
Delete	Delete files
Delete files	Delete files
Display main menu	Display main menu
Do nothing	Do nothing (use to block key bindings)
Edit a new file	Edit a new file
Edit file	Edit file
Equal panel size	Set equal panes (50/50)
Execute command	Execute user defined command. GNOME Commander replaces found placeholders with: %f file name (or list for multiple selections) %F quoted filename (or list for multiple selections) %p full file system path (or list for multiple selections) %P quoted full file system path (or list for multiple selections) %u fully qualified URI for the file (or list for multiple selections) %d full path to the directory containing file %D quoted full path to the directory containing file %s synonym for %P (for compatibility with previous versions of GNOME Commander) %% percent sign Unknown placeholders are copied verbatim without any substitution.
Forward one directory	Go forward to the next visited directory
Forward to the last directory	Go forward to the last visited directory
GNOME Commander on the web	Visit GNOME Commander home page
Go to bookmarked location	Go to bookmarked location. Nonexistent bookmark names are ignored.
Help contents	Help
Help on keyboard shortcuts	Help on keyboard shortcuts
Home directory	Go to the home directory
Invert selection	Invert selection
Keyboard shortcuts	Configure keyboard shortcuts
Lock/unlock tab	Lock/unlock tab
Manage bookmarks	Open favourite directories (bookmarks) dialog
Maximize panel size	Maximize panel size
Move files	Move files
New connection	Open new remote connection
Next tab	Next tab
Open connection	Open remote connection
Open directory in a new tab	Open directory in a new tab
Open directory in the active window	Copy the current working directory from the inactive file list to the active one
Open directory in the inactive window	Copy the current working directory from the active file list to the inactive one
Open directory in the left window	Copy the current working directory from the active right file list to the left one
Open directory in the new tab	Open directory in the new tab
Open directory in the new tab (inactive window)	Open directory in the new tab (inactive window)
Open directory in the right window	Copy the current working directory from the active left file list to the right one
Open folder	Open the current location in Nautilus file manager
Open terminal	Open terminal in the current directory
Open terminal as root	Opens a terminal with root privileges.
Options	Options dialog
Paste	Paste from clipboard to current directory (not a global one yet)
Previous tab	Previous tab
Properties	Show properties for the selected file
Quick search	Quick search
Quit	Exit GNOME Commander
Refresh	Refresh the active file list
Rename files	Rename files
Report a problem	Report problem to gitlab.gnome.org
Root directory	Go to the root directory
Search	File search
Select all	Select all files
Send files	Send files via email or instant messenger (using nautilus-sendto)
Show directory history	Open the history list of visited directories
Show user defined files	Use file selection filter
Start GNOME Commander as root	Start GNOME Commander in root mode at the same location Be careful while running GNOME Commander with root privileges as you may damage your system.
Synchronize directories	Synchronize directories (using meld)
Toggle selection	Toggle selection for cursor
Toggle selection and move cursor downward	Select file or directory and move cursor downward
Unselect all	Unselect all files
Up one directory	Go forward to the parent directory
View file	View files
View with external viewer	View with external viewer
View with internal viewer	View with internal viewer

Additional Pop-up Menu Actions

Introduction
The pop-up menu of GNOME Commander, which can be opened by right-clicking on a file or folder or by pressing SHIFT F10, can be easily extended by putting executable files into ~/.config/gnome-commander/scripts/. For each file in this directory a separate entry in the pop-up menu will be displayed. When such a menu entry is clicked, the associated script will be executed with the names of all selected items as arguments. When the SHIFT key is pressed while clicking the pop-up menu entry, the script will be called separately for each selected file.

Example picture of the pop-up menu with four additional entries

File format
The files can be binary or simple text files. In the latter case it is possible to handle some config variables over to GNOME Commander by using a key-value format: #[key]: [value], with '#' being the first character in a text line.
Currently, the following keys are implemented:
name	The label of the menu item	If undefined, the script file name will be used
term	Run the script in a terminal window	To activate this, set value to 'true'

Example Pop-up menu scripts
Some example scripts can be found online in the GNOME Commander git repository.

Tips and Tricks
Some very simple tips and tricks on using and getting the most out of GNOME Commander.

Handling Archives
GNOME Commander still lacks built in browsing of compressed archives. However the program can be configured so that working with archives becomes quite practical anyway.
There are two different ways: The preferred one is to activate the build in Fileroller plugin in the menu Plugins Configure Plugins.... By activating this plugin you get additional entries in the popup menu by right clicking on selected files and folders (make sure that Fileroller is installed in your system). By clicking on an archive, the popup menu lets you choose where to extract the archive to.
The second, outdated but still working way is the following:
If you don't already have the program Fileroller, download it and install it.
Open the Options dialog and go to the Programs tab.
Add two favorite apps using the values shown in the figures below.
You can now right click any file or folder and choose Create archive... to compress it and right click compressed files and choose Extract archive... to extract it.

Create Archive
This entry allows creating archives easily.

Extract Archive
This entry allows extract archives easily.

Copying File Names and Paths
To copy names of selected files to the environment's clipboard, use the Copy File Names action on the Edit menu or the "**" icon on the toolbar.
To copy full paths of selected files to the environment's clipboard, hold down SHIFT while activating either the Copy File Names action on the Edit menu or the "**" icon on the toolbar.
To copy the full path of the current directory, right click on the directory indicator at the top of the directory list.
To insert the current file's path in Gnome Commander's command line, press CTRL Shift Enter.
To insert the current file's name in Gnome Commander's command line, press CTRL Enter.

GNOME Commander Installation

Getting GNOME Commander
It's recommended to use the GNOME Commander package that is provided by your distribution. Refer to GNOME Commander for the list of distributions supporting GNOME Commander packages.
All current and historical releases can be found on the GNOME FTP server, too.

Versioning
GNOME Commander is being developed in a stable and a testing branch, where the test releases fill the purpose of testing new ideas. Successful ones will then get backported to the stable branch. The version numbers (major, minor and micro) follows the quite usual standard of odd and even versioning, where odd minor versions stands for the unstable releases and the even numbered branch eventually gets the thoroughly tested new functions backported.

Current stable version
If you'd like to compile the latest stable version of GNOME Commander yourself, get it as a tar.xz file from the download section on the GNOME Commander home page.
After extracting the archive, first have a look at the README file, where you get an overview of the downloaded release. Also, have a look at the INSTALL file. The installation is explained in detail there.

Development version
For those of you who feel really adventurous, or maybe want to hack on the freshest code, the latest development source snapshots are available by using GIT:
git clone https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-commander.git
The above works only to do a first time download and not for updating the code, if you already have a version of the code simply run git pull to get the latest revisions.
Just remember to run ./autogen.sh before building by make.
Be aware that there can be serious bugs in code from GNOME git repository. This code is intended for hacking, development and testing purposes only.

Configuration Files
This section gives an overview of the configuration files used by GNOME Commander:
Since GNOME Commander version 1.10.0 the location of configuration files changed from ~/.gnome-commander to ~/.config/gnome-commander. Existing files are automatically moved when starting GNOME Commander 1.10.0 the first time.
~/.config/gnome-commander/scripts/* In this directory the user can place scripts for the Additional Pop-up Menu Actions.
Since GNOME Commander version 1.10.0 the following option files are obsolete. If they have been created by ealier GNOME Commander versions then the filename is extended automatically by *.deprecated and their settings are imported in GSettings under the path org.gnome.gnome-commander.
~/.config/gnome-commander/devices 	
~/.config/gnome-commander/fav-apps 	
~/.config/gnome-commander/gnome-commander.xml 	
Since GNOME Commander version 1.6.0 the options file ~/.gnome2/gnome-commander is obsolete. The settings of this file are now stored in GSettings under the path org.gnome.gnome-commander.

Known Bugs and Limitations
You can report or view GNOME Commander bugs at gitlab.gnome.org.
Some words about bugs: Though GNOME Commander is relatively free from bugs and is a quite mature program, no programs will ever be totally bug free. New bugs can be introduced with new features, or through other programs and libraries it depends on, this goes especially for development and testing versions. Quality bug reporting is very important and can be a very good help for the developers to make a better program. Bug reporting is not an act of dissatisfaction, so you are very welcome to help us find, hunt down and kill the bugs. Testing of the new releases and bug reporting is the best way users without programming knowledge can help out in the development of a program, and those with programming knowledge are very welcome to suggest fixes and/or send patches to the developers, all in the spirit of free and open source software.
Known limitation:
GNOME Commander is still lacking on GVFS/GIO support. Instead it uses GnomeVFS.
Configuration of default application depending on the files MIME type is broken and was finally removed in v1.4. See section for more information.
Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow.
Linus law.

About GNOME Commander

History of GNOME Commander
GNOME Commander was primarily written by Marcus Bjurman, who was the one initiating this project in 2001 and developed it up to version 1.1.6 in January 2004.
Later on, since 2004, GNOME Commander was maintained by the new lead developer Piotr Eljasiak, working at the project already since 2002. In this time, Assaf Gordon contributed by implementing the internal file viewer.
Piotr conducted the development until version 1.2.8.15. In this time Magnus Stålnacke was responsible for the homepage. On the mailing list, amongst others, Michael and Magnus contributed with many great ideas and by helping finding bugs and other inconsistencies. After Magnus resigned from the project, Thomas Jost helped to maintain the homepage at Savannah.org
Unfortunately, Piotr suddenly passed away in the beginning of 2012 and GNOME Commander had no maintainer for nearly two years. Late in 2013, Uwe Scholz, a user of GNOME Commander since the days before version 1.0, took over the project as project maintainer.

Location
In the beginning, GNOME Commander had its home at Sourceforge. Later, the project moved to Savannah.org, where it got its own homepage and its mailing lists. In the end of 2003, the source tree moved to Gnome.org. Though, the homepage and mailing lists were still hosted at Savannah.
Since 2013, the location of the GNOME Commander home page has been moved to GitHub.org.

Bug Reporting
If you found a bug, you can check if it is already reported on our GitLab page at Gnome.org. If not, please report the bug. If you want to fix it by yourself have a look at the section Development version.

License
This program is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public license as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. A copy of this license can be found at this link, or in the file COPYING included with the source code of this program.